Refrigerating preserving-package



(No Model.)

O. P. JOHNSON.

RBPRIGBRATING PBBSERVING PACKAGE.

No. 250,150. Patented 1\10v.29,1881.-

u. Pneus mvummpm. www... n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

OLIVER I). JOHNSON, OF CAMBRIDGE, MARYLAND.

REFRIGERATING PRESERVING-PACKAGE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 250,150, dated November 29, 1881..

Application led May 3, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLIVER P. JOHNSON, a citizen ot' the United States ot' America, residing at Cambridge, in the county of Dorchester and State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Refrigeratin g Preserving-Packages; and I do herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invcntion'relates to improvements in packages for the preserving and transporting of oysters and other similar perishable articles, said improvements pertainin g more especially to packages such as shown in Patent No. 240,143, heretofore granted to me.

My present object is to provide packers and shippers with a preserving-vessel which shall be more easily and cheaply constructed than those heretofore employed, and which, while necessitating fewer parts, shall, nevertheless, operate to preserve such art-icles as above indicated for a shorter or longer time by thoroughly protecting them from the action of the air and ot' heat, especially preventing the passage ot` these through the upper end of the package during transportation.

Figure 1 is a vertical section of a package embodying some of my improvements. Fig. 2 is a top or plan view. Fig. 3 is a view of a slightly-modified package. Fig. 4 represents another modification', and shows also the combination, with a wooden barrel, of a non-conducting paper packing.

In the drawings, A A represent the staves of which the package is formed, and B B hoops whereby they are held together in the ordinary manner. The package is made liquidtight and of a strength suiicient to meet the demands of transportation. At the upper end the barrel or package is provided with two heads, (or a double head,) as shown at C and D. The inner head, O, is secured in place by means of a croze, in substantially the ordinary manner, and the upper portion, D, is retained by means of the inwardly turned ends of the staves, the head being beveled to properly correspond to the shape of the staves. Between the heads C and D there is placed a non-conducting packing, E, preferably made of paper. The heads D and C and the packing E are fastened firmly together by means of bolts or screws, so that they shall form a compact head, and shall prevent the transmission of heat. At the center of the head thus constructed there is formed a circular aperture for the insertion and withdrawal of the ice-holder F. The aperture through' the inner head, C, may be somewhat less in diameter than that through the outer head, D, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3; or the apertures through the two parts C and D maybeot' the same diameter, as shownin Fig. 4.

The ice-holder'F is preferably constructed as shown-that is to say, with an upwardlyturned flange, g, at the upper end, and with an internal screw thread, j'. Within the top of the holder fits a screw-cap, a. The flange gof the ice-holder rests upon a shoulder, which is either formed in the inner head, G, or formed upon a metallic strengthening-collar inserted through the apertures in the heads. I have shown collars adapted to receive and support the ice-holder, and at the same time strengthen the heads and protect the grain of the wood where itis exposed by forming the central apertures. The collar is cast in form ready to be inserted in its place, and is formed with a flange, G, a vertical part, H, and alowerflange or shoulder, b. It is held in place by means of bolts or screws h h, which may be also utilized to hold together the heads C and D. In4 Figs. 1 and 4 the strengthening-collar extends to the inner face of the inner head, C. In Fig. 3 it is shown as not extending to the inside of the head C, but is arranged to leave the wood in contact with the ice-holder, so that there shall be no metallic connection from the inside to the outside of the package, with the exception of the small screws necessary to clamp the parts.

J represents a cover, adapted to t within the central aperture above the ice-holder and tohold said holder properly in place. Upon the under side of the cover J there is screwed a non-conducting packing, K, and tothe upper side of the cover there is secured a hinging and locking arm, L.

In a patent, No. 240,143, granted to me April l2, 1881, I showed and described an oyster- IOO package formed of an inner barrel having a head at each end, an outer barrel having a head at each end, and a non-conducting packing betweenthebarrels and between the heads. For many purposes a barrel is desired cheaper than the one shown in the said patent, which, however, shall attain many of the advantages therein set forth.

Many perishable substances can bepreserved sufficiently long without the outer barrel, or even the non-conducting packing around the sides, if they can be protected entirely from the air and from the action of heat upon the upper heads. The barrel which I have herein shown will accomplish this purpose, and can be constructed at much less expense than the one heretofore patented.

If desired, double heads may be used at the end of the package opposite to that hereinbefore described, as shown at N and 0 in Fig. l; but ordinarily in transportation there is less liability for the contents to be injured, either by air or heat passing through the bottom, the package generally restin g upon that end during transportation.

The ice-holder is supported laterally at the lower end by a stud, c, adapted to enter the socket d in the lower end of the ice-holder.

In the aforesaid patentI showed a thin (comparatively) non-conductin g packing and an outer barrel. I have found that many of the purposes of my invention can be attained without the outer barrel, if the paper packing be properly secured and prepared. The packing in said patent was formed of superposed layers or folds from a continuous sheet of paper. A packing more efficient under some circumstances can be formed by applying to the outer surface of the wooden barrel a layer of pulp of suitable thickness by any of the processes now well known. painted and otherwise prepared in the usual manner to make it durable without interfering with its non-conducting properties. In Fig. 4, I have shown, at Q, a packing of the character last described. In my aforesaid patent the ice-holder was supported upon one set of staves and the hinged cover for said ice-holder (and for its aperture) was supported upon another set of staves. In my presentconstruction I have so arranged the parts that I can support the ice-holder and its cover by means of a head held in place in a single set of staves,l

which head is arranged to tightly close the end of the vessel formed by said staves.

Under some circumstances I use, in combination with the non-conducting wrapper or packing Q, the head G D E without the other parts shown and described in detail-that is to say, the head may be made continuouswith- The layer thus applied can be' out the central aperture or with an aperture in a dierentlocation.

Iso place the crozed portion of the head that the outer wrapper shall extend to a point above the head, whereas in the packages heretofore constructed the heads were ilush with the outer wrappers, and when no outer wooden barrel is used around the non-conducting wrapper there is less protection when the head is .placed thus flush with the end of the wrapper than when it is placed at a point above the wrapper, as herein shown.

What I claim is- 1. In a preserving-package,thecombination of the following elements, namely a vessel formed of the staves A A, the inner head, C, the outer head,D,both supported bythe same staves A A, the intermediate packing, E, and the detachable ice-holder F, substantially as set forth.

2. In a preserving-package, the combination ot' the following elements, namely: a vessel formed of the staves A A, the ice-holder F, situated centrally'within said vessel, the cover J of said ice-holder, and a head which is supported entirely within the staves A A, and which supports the ice-holderand the cover,substan tially as set forth. l

3. As an article of manufacture, the hereindescribed preserving-package, having the inner wooden vessel formed of staves and hoops, and the paper non conducting packing Q, formed of at'webor layer ofpulp placed directly upon the wooden part and afterward dried and hardened thereon, as set forth.

4. In apreserving-package, the combination, with an inner wooden vessel,of a head secured within said vessel near the end, and a paper non-conducting wrapper or packing arranged to extend to a point beyond the head,substan tially as set forth.

5. In a preserving-package, thecombination, with a wooden head and the detachable iceholder F, of the metallic collar secured to said head, and provided with a seat for the support of said ice-holder, substantially as set forth.

6. In a preservin g-packa ge, thecombination, with the wooden inner vessel formed of staves and hoops, and the head of said vessel, ofthe nou-conducting packing E, situated within said vessel and supported by said head, and the outer'non-conductin g wrapper or packing, Q, placed around and supported upon the outside of said vessel, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

OLIVER P. JOHNSON.

`Witnessesz H. H. Buss, M. P. OALLAN.

TOO

IIO 

